The male-to-female ratio for ankle fracture is 2:1. Most patients younger than 50 years are male, while older than 50 years are female. In children, ankle fractures have an incidence of 1 in 1000 per year. 1 As the population ages, ankle fractures are becoming more common. An increase in fall risk and osteoporosis are risk factors.
Ankle joint is composed of 2 joints;
True ankle joint: between leg bones above (tibia fibula) and ankle bone below (talus). Allow up and down movement of foot (dorsi flexion, plantar flexion respectively).
Subtallar joint: means below talus between talus and the heel bone (calcaneus). Allow inversion (sole inward) and eversion (sole outward) of ankle joint.
Most common cause of ankle injurie are due to excessive inversion stress it is becasue the joint is more like to invert because of its anatomical build and weak ligaments on the lateral side however when injuries occur because of the eversion stress, they are mostly extensive involving bone and ligament injuries.
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