Type A AD can be fatal when it leads to acute decompensation of the aortic valve or large pericardial tamponade that leads to severe compromise to the heart function. If not immediately treated, this would be fatal within a few hours. Quick diagnosis and high index of suspicion for AD are critical
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So, Type A aortic section involves the aorta just before the origin of the main blood vessel that goes up to the right side of the brain and the right arm. So, this is called the ascending aorta, and the tear would happen to be in this location where the blood flow will then go down towards the heart and go also backwards towards the rest of the aorta. The problem what happens in Y-type A aortic section is such an emergency because once the tear happen in that portion of the aorta and goes down towards the heart. You can see here, these are the blood vessels, there are coronary arteries that supply the heart, and here's where the aortic valve sits. And all of a sudden, you have the valve stop working, the blood vessels stop working, and you have the lining of the heart full of blood. So this is extremely fatal within few hours and need to be treated urgently in the operating room. So it's really an important distinction between on where the tear happens, if it happens in the ascending aorta, versus a tear that happens way down here. This is a surgical emergency, and this one could be treated with medications in the hospital and when the patient go home. you
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